Saturday, May 02, 2009
Friday, May 01, 2009
Ilegal alugar livros? E emprestar, também irá ser?
Bookabooka doesn't host any e-books on its site, but instead allows students to rent their textbooks to their peers. Renting is conducted via traditional "snailmail" (i.e. postal service) and it is mandatory that the textbooks are originals (not xeroxed copies). Bookabooka acts only as an intermediate, connecting the students together and doesn't handle the shipping or returns of the textbooks.
Despite these "small" differences between TPB and Bookabooka, The Finnish book publishers' association (Suomen Kustannusyhdistys) is convinced that Bookabooka is breaking the copyright legislation and threatening their business. Annual school textbook sales in Finland were worth more than €100M in year 2007.
Richard Stallman em tempos escreveu The Right to Read, que penso pretendia ser uma "redução ao absurdo":
For Dan Halbert, the road to Tycho began in college—when Lissa Lenz asked to borrow his computer. Hers had broken down, and unless she could borrow another, she would fail her midterm project. There was no one she dared ask, except Dan.
This put Dan in a dilemma. He had to help her—but if he lent her his computer, she might read his books. Aside from the fact that you could go to prison for many years for letting someone else read your books, the very idea shocked him at first. Like everyone, he had been taught since elementary school that sharing books was nasty and wrong—something that only pirates would do.
And there wasn't much chance that the SPA—the Software Protection Authority—would fail to catch him. In his software class, Dan had learned that each book had a copyright monitor that reported when and where it was read, and by whom, to Central Licensing. (They used this information to catch reading pirates, but also to sell personal interest profiles to retailers.) The next time his computer was networked, Central Licensing would find out. He, as computer owner, would receive the harshest punishment—for not taking pains to prevent the crime.
Of course, Lissa did not necessarily intend to read his books. She might want the computer only to write her midterm. But Dan knew she came from a middle-class family and could hardly afford the tuition, let alone her reading fees. Reading his books might be the only way she could graduate. He understood this situation; he himself had had to borrow to pay for all the research papers he read. (10% of those fees went to the researchers who wrote the papers; since Dan aimed for an academic career, he could hope that his own research papers, if frequently referenced, would bring in enough to repay this loan.)
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
17:21
1 comentários
Etiquetas: Propriedade Intelectual?
Thursday, April 30, 2009
A Chrysler e os sindicatos
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
17:34
0
comentários
Ainda sobre contrafacção, "cópias piratas", etc.
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
10:59
1 comentários
Etiquetas: Propriedade Intelectual?
O que é e o que não é contrafacção?
The NYT must get this straight. With a counterfeit product the buyer is deceived. The buyers of the low-cost cell phone knock-offs in China are not being deceived. They are happily buying copies of name-brand phones which they know are not actual name-brand phones.
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
10:37
0
comentários
Etiquetas: Propriedade Intelectual?
Wednesday, April 29, 2009
A economia e o ambiente
Anti-green economics, por Paul Krugman:
a strange thing about the climate change debate. Opponents of a policy change generally believe that market economies are wonderful things, able to adapt to just about anything — anything, that is, except a government policy that puts a price on greenhouse gas emissions. Limits on the world supply of oil, land, water — no problem. Limits on the amount of CO2 we can emit — total disaster.
Funny how that is.
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
21:38
2
comentários
Sobre o "unschooling" (II)
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
10:55
8
comentários
Citações
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
10:30
0
comentários
Proudhon adaptado: Toda a propriedade (intelectual) é um roubo
Negócios: "José Luís Arnaut afirma que na área da propriedade intelectual, cujo dia mundial foi comemorado domingo, a justiça emperra o funcionamento da economia. Para ilustrar o seu argumento, o especialista neste campo do direito, sócio da RPA e ex-goventante, lembra, exemplificando, os expedientes legais usados por grandes laboratórios farmacêuticos, de modo a adiarem a chegada de alguns medicamentos genéricos ao mercado. "
Publicada por
CN
em
08:30
2
comentários
Etiquetas: Propriedade Intelectual?, Textos de Carlos Novais
Ainda a escolaridade obrigatória
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
01:39
0
comentários
Tuesday, April 28, 2009
Sobre o "unschooling"
An Unschooling Manifesto, por Dave Pollard:
In Grade 11, my second last year of high school, I was an average student, with marks in English in the mid 60% range, and in mathematics, my best subject, around 80%. Aptitude tests suggested I should be doing better, and this was a consistent message on my report cards. I hated school. As my blog bio explains, I was shy, socially inept, uncoordinated and self-conscious. My idea of fun was playing strategy games (Diplomacy and Acquire, for fellow geeks of that era -- this was long before computer games or the Internet) and hanging around the drive-in restaurant.
Then in Grade 12, something remarkable happened: My school decided to pilot a program called "independent study", that allowed any student maintaining at least an 80% average on term tests in any subject (that was an achievement in those days, when a C -- 60% -- really was the average grade given) to skip classes in that subject until/unless their grades fell below that threshold. There was a core group of 'brainy' students who enrolled immediately. Half of them were the usual boring group (the 'keeners') who did nothing but study to maintain high grades (usually at their parents' behest); but the other half were creative, curious, independent thinkers with a natural talent for learning. The chance to spend my days with this latter group, unrestricted by school walls and school schedules, was what I dreamed of, so I poured my energies into self-study.
To the astonishment of everyone, including myself, I did very well at this. By the end of the first month of school my average was almost 90%, and I was exempted from attending classes in all my subjects. I'd become friends with some members of the 'clique' I had aspired to join, and discovered that, together, we could easily cover the curriculum in less than an hour a day, leaving the rest of the day to discuss philosophy, politics, anthropology, history and geography of the third world, contemporary European literature, art, the philosophy of science, and other subjects not on the school curriculum at all. We went to museums, attended seminars, wrote stories and poetry together (and critiqued each others' work).
(...)
The Grade 12 final examinations in those days were set and marked by a province-wide board, so universities could judge who the best students were without having to consider differences between schools. Our independent study group, a handful of students from just one high school, won most of the province-wide scholarships that year. I received the award for the highest combined score in English and Mathematics in the province -- an almost unheard-of 94%.
(...)
PS presents 50 reasons why schooling is, in every imaginable way, bad for us and our society, and then 50 reasons why unschooling, which she defines as "learning without formal curriculum, timelines, grades or coercion; learning in freedom" is the natural way to learn. She argues that we are indoctrinated from the age of five to cede our time, our freedoms, and what we pay attention to, to the will of the State, so that we are 'prepared' for a work world of wage slavery and obedience to authority. We are deliberately not taught anything that would allow us to be self-sufficient in society. And in the factory environment of the school, where teachers need to 'manage' thirty students or more, ethics and the politics of power is left up, from our earliest and most vulnerable years, to the bullies and other young damaged psychopaths among our peers, to teach us in their grotesquely warped way. As PS explains, it is in every way a prison system.
Unschooling, by contrast, starts with the realization that you 'own' your time, and have the opportunity and responsibility to use it in ways that are meaningful and stimulating for you. When you have this opportunity, you just naturally learn a great deal, about things you care about, things that will inevitably be useful to you in making a life and a living. Your learning environment is the whole world, and you learn what and when you want, undirected by curricula, textbooks, alarm clocks and school bells. You develop deep peer relationships around areas of common interest, once you're allowed to explore and discover what those areas of interest are. And the Internet and online gaming allow you to make those relationships anywhere in the world, to draw on the brightest experts on the planet, and to communicate powerfully with like-minded, curious people of every age, culture and ideology.
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
10:27
1 comentários
Monday, April 27, 2009
A "experiência Rosenhan"
Grande parte dos outros doentes em breve chegaram à conclusão que os 8 não tinham nenhum problemas (passando a suspeitar que se tratava de pesquisadores ou de jornalistas). Já o pessoal do hospital (suponho que incluindo peritos na matéria) não descobriu que se tratava de "impostores".
On Being Sane In Insane Places, por David Rosenhan (o psicólogo que arquitectou a experiência).
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
23:29
0
comentários
O verdadeiro som do "Papa-Léguas" (II)
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
19:14
0
comentários
Etiquetas: temas algo peculiares
O verdadeiro som do "Papa-Léguas"
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
19:02
0
comentários
Etiquetas: temas algo peculiares
Sunday, April 26, 2009
Eleições islandesas: resultados finais
Partido da Independência (conservador) - 23,7% dos votos, 16 deputados (perde 9)
Partido Liberal - 2,2% dos votos (perde os 4 deputados que tinha)
Movimento dos Cidadãos - 7,2% dos votos, entra no parlamento com 4 deputados
Partido Democrático - 0,6% dos votos, nenhum deputado
Aliança Social-Democrata - 29,8% dos votos, 20 deputados (ganha 2)
Movimento da Esquerda Verde - 21,7% dos votos, 14 deputados (ganha 5)
[fonte]
A coligação entre os sociais-democratas e a Esquerda Verde, criada após os protestos de alguns meses, conquistou a maioria parlamentar.
Em comparação com as eleições anteriores, os grandes derrotados foram os conservadores (o partido do anterior primeiro-ministro) e os grandes vencedores a Esquerda Verde; no entanto, se a comparação for com as sondagens, já não é assim: os conservadores eram para ficar em terceiro lugar mas afinal resistiram, enquanto, há uns meses atrás, a Esquerda Verde aparecia em primeiro lugar, com 30 e tal por cento.
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
17:28
5
comentários
Os alunos que não querem tirar o 12º ano
Nota: não se deduza daqui uma objecção absoluta e de principio ao alargamento da escolaridade obrigatório ou mesmo ao conceito em si. Mas acho que, na altura de decidir do aumento ou não da escolaridade obrigatória, e portanto de pesar os prós e os contras de cada opção, um "contra" a ser considerado é obviamente obrigar milhares de pessoas a terem que fazer algo que prefeririam não fazer; e parece-me que nenhum dos lados dá grande importância a esse contra.
Publicada por
Miguel Madeira
em
01:18
3
comentários


