Resultados das reformas na assistência social dos EUA em 1996 (feitas em conjunto por Clinton e pelo Congresso republicano), tornando mais dificil receber o que talvez possa ser considerado a versão local do RSI:
GETTING poor mothers off welfare and into employment as quickly as possible seems to be a useful policy goal. But a new paper by economists Dhaval Dave, Nancy E Reichman, and Hope Corman suggests it can be short-sighted.
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 limited the time mothers could spend on welfare and required some work as a condition for receiving it. The reforms were, by most measures, successful at reducing the number of women on welfare and increasing their levels of employment. The more time out of the labour market, the thinking goes, the harder it is to rejoin. Encouraging poor mothers to work should break the cycle of poverty and make them less likely to require government assistance for most of their adult lives. But on the other hand, the authors of the paper found that the reforms made adult women less likely to pursue education.
The reforms do not penalise minor (under 18) women who still attend school. Actually, the reforms encourage the younger women to finish their education. To receive some of the government funds, single, minor mothers must attend high school or some training program. The authors found this incentive decreased the teen dropout rates of the population between 9 and 13%.
By contrast, the reforms aimed at adult women, which promoted work and not training, made education less attractive. The authors found the reforms decreased the probability of adult women attending high school or college by 20 to 25%.
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